Ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali kuncike ku-chromium, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi i-chromium ingenye yezingxenye zensimbi, izindlela zokuvikela ziyahlukahluka.Lapho ukungezwa kwe-chromium kufinyelela ku-10.5 %, ukumelana nokugqwala komkhathi kwensimbi kukhula kakhulu, kodwa lapho okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kuphakeme, nakuba ukumelana nokugqwala kusengathuthukiswa, akubonakali.Isizathu siwukuthi insimbi eyingxubevange ene-chromium ishintsha uhlobo lwe-oxide engaphezulu ibe yi-oxide engaphezulu efana naleyo eyakhiwe ngensimbi emsulwa ye-chromium.Le oxide enamathela ngokuqinile ecebile nge-chromium ivikela ubuso ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwe-oxidation.Lolu ungqimba lwe-oxide luncane kakhulu, lapho kubonakala ukucwebezela kwemvelo kwendawo yensimbi, kunikeza insimbi engagqwali indawo eyingqayizivele.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ungqimba lwangaphezulu lonakalisiwe, indawo yensimbi eveziwe izosabela nomkhathi ukuze uzilungise, yenze kabusha le oxide "ifilimu ye-passivation", futhi iqhubeke idlala indima yokuvikela.Ngakho-ke, zonke izakhi zensimbi ezingenasici zinesici esivamile, okungukuthi, okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kungaphezu kuka-10.5%.Ngaphezu kwe-chromium, izakhi ze-alloying ezivame ukusetshenziswa yi-nickel, i-molybdenum, i-titanium, i-niobium, ithusi, i-nitrogen, njll., ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwesakhiwo nezakhiwo zensimbi engagqwali.
I-304 iyinsimbi engagqwali enenhloso ejwayelekile esetshenziswa kabanzi ukwenza amathuluzi nezingxenye ezidinga ukusebenza okuhle okuphelele (ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokwakheka).
Insimbi engagqwali engu-301 ibonisa umsebenzi osobala owenza ukuqina ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa, futhi isetshenziswa ezikhathini ezihlukahlukene ezidinga amandla aphezulu.
I-302 insimbi engagqwali empeleni iwuhlobo lwensimbi engagqwali engu-304 enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephezulu, engathola amandla aphezulu ngokugoqeka okubandayo.
I-302B iwuhlobo lwensimbi engagqwali enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-silicon, enokumelana okuphezulu ne-oxidation yokushisa ephezulu.
I-303 ne-303S e yizinsimbi ezingenasici ezisikwa mahhala eziqukethe i-sulphur ne-selenium, ngokulandelanayo, futhi zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho ukusika kwamahhala nokuqeda phezulu kudingwa kakhulu .I-303Se insimbi engagqwali iphinde isetshenziswe ukwenza izingxenye ezidinga ukushisa okushisayo, ngoba ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, le nsimbi engagqwali inokusebenza okuhle kokushisayo.
I-304L iwuhlobo oluphansi lwekhabhoni engu-304 yensimbi engagqwali esetshenziswa lapho kudingeka khona ukushisela.Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephansi kunciphisa imvula ye-carbide endaweni ethinteke ukushisa eduze nendawo yokushisela, okungaholela ekugqwaleni kwe-intergranular (ukuguguleka kwe-weld) yensimbi engagqwali kwezinye izindawo.
I-304N iyinsimbi engagqwali equkethe i-nitrogen, futhi i-nitrogen iyengezwa ukuze kwandiswe amandla ensimbi.
I-305 kanye ne-384 yensimbi engagqwali iqukethe i-nickel ephezulu futhi inezinga eliphansi lokuqiniswa komsebenzi, okubenza bafaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ezidinga ukubukeka okubandayo okuphezulu.
308 insimbi engagqwali isetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-electrode.
309 , 310, 314 kanye ne-330 izinsimbi ezingenasici ziphakeme ngokuqhathaniswa, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana ne-oxidation namandla okukhasa ensimbi ekushiseni okuphezulu.I-30S5 ne-310S izinhlobonhlobo ze-309 kanye ne-310 yensimbi engagqwali, umehluko kuphela ukuthi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuphansi, ukuze kuncishiswe imvula yama-carbides eduze nendawo yokushisela.Insimbi engagqwali engu-330 inokumelana okuphezulu kakhulu ne-carburization kanye nokumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo.
Izinhlobo ezingu-316 nezingu-317 zensimbi ezingenasici ziqukethe i-aluminium ngakho-ke zimelana kakhulu nokugqwala kwemigodi kunezinsimbi ezingenasici ezingu-304 ezindaweni zasolwandle namakhemikhali.Phakathi kwazo, okuhlukile okungu-316 kwensimbi engagqwali kuhlanganisa insimbi engagqwali ephansi engu-316L, i-nitrogen equkethe insimbi engagqwali ephezulu engu-316N, kanye nensimbi engagqwali engu-316F esika mahhala enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwesibabule.
I-321, 347 kanye ne-348 yinsimbi engagqwali eqiniswe ne-titanium, i-niobium plus tantalum ne-niobium ngokulandelanayo, elungele izingxenye zokushisela ezisetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.I-348 iwuhlobo lwensimbi engagqwali efanele imboni yamandla enuzi, enemikhawulo ethile enanini elihlanganisiwe le-tantalum nedayimane.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-06-2023